Role of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics

in Managing CAD

16

K. Tankeshwar and Sunita Srivastava

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of interaction between molecules and pathways

is essential to understand complex biological systems and their associated

diseases paving way to develop methods of their treatment. Qualitative methods

alone are not sufficient enough unless and until they are supplemented by

quantification of various involved parameters and consequently cultivate various

techniques to treat the diseases. Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are found to be

quite prevalent affecting about 523 million people globally every year. Quantita-

tive methods can help identify CAD in initial stages and assist in managing

it. With recent technological advances, the control and monitoring of complex

cellular processes at the molecular level has been made possible. This article

describes the role of microfluidics and nanofluidics in managing CAD. Heart-on-

a chip device has also been described which essentially integrated nanofluidics

into microfluidics. A microscopic theoretical model has also been presented

which gives insight of CAD and may help in effectively guiding the researchers

to develop various methods to quantify its various aspects. Various useful

software have also been listed in a subsection.

Keywords

Microfluidics · Nanofluidics · CAD · Compartmental model · Confinement

K. Tankeshwar · S. Srivastava (*)

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India

Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India

e-mail: sunita@pu.ac.in

# The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte

Ltd. 2022

R. C. Sobti, N. S. Dhalla (eds.), Biomedical Translational Research,

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9232-1_16

273